Replacing the C standard headers with the C++ standard headers causes various `error: call to 'floor' promotes float to double [performance-type-promotion-in-math-fn,-warnings-as-errors]`, which are fixed by using the C++ std math functions or our own math functions instead of the C math functions.
- Use `absolute` instead of `abs` and `fabs`.
- Use `std::floor` instead of `floor` and `floorf`.
- Use `std::ceil` instead of `ceil`, `ceilf` and `round_ceil`.
- Use `std::round` instead of `round` and `roundf`.
- Use `std::sin` instead of `sin` and `sinf`.
- Use `std::asin` instead of `asin` and `asinf`.
- Use `std::cos` instead of `cos` and `cosf`.
- Use `std::acos` instead of `acos` and `acosf`.
- Use `std::tan` instead of `tan` and `tanf`.
- Use `std::atan` instead of `atan` and `atanf`.
- Use `std::pow` instead of `pow` and `powf`.
- Use `std::log` instead of `log` and `logf`.
- Use `std::log2` instead of `log2` and `log2f`.
- Use `std::log10` instead of `log10` and `log10f`.
- Use `std::pow` instead of `pow` and `powf`.
- Use `std::sqrt` instead of `sqrt` and `sqrtf`.
- Use `std::fmod` instead of `fmod` and `fmodf`.
- Use `direction(Angle)` instead of `vec2(std::cos(Angle), std::sin(Angle))`.
- Use `length(vec2(x, y))` instead of `std::sqrt(x * x + y * y)`.
- Remove unused `NormalizeAngular` and `AngularDistance` functions.
